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Carbon & emissions

Travel, energy, and activity emissions estimates.

Choose the tool whose inputs and output match your task. Check each calculator’s assumptions and limitations before using its result.

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Emissions estimates are only as good as the factors behind them, so these worksheets make every input explicit: you enter the distance, mass, or serving size, then supply an emission factor with its source, geography, and boundary recorded. The flight emissions calculator multiplies passenger distance by a cabin multiplier and an optional radiative-forcing factor. The food miles calculator covers the transport leg of food in tonne-kilometres, while the meat footprint calculator applies a lifecycle factor per kilogram of food. For on-site power, the solar panel carbon offset calculator estimates avoided grid emissions and a simplified payback. Use these tools to compare scenarios, not to certify a footprint. Find energy and waste partners in the Ecology collection.

8 of 8 calculators

Carbon & emissions8 calculators

CO2 Breathing Emission Calculator

Convert an entered breathing scenario into CO₂ gas volume and mass for a selected duration.

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Verified

Composting Impact Calculator

Multiply food-waste mass by user-selected avoided-emissions and compost-yield factors.

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Verified

Flight Emissions Calculator

Estimate a base flight CO₂ scenario from passenger distance, cabin class, and user-entered emission factors, with an optional non-CO₂ radiative-forcing multiplier.

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Verified

Food Miles Calculator (kg CO₂e Transport Emissions)

Calculate food miles and transport-only emissions from shipment mass, distance, and an entered emissions factor — tonne-kilometres and kg CO₂e per tonne-km.

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Verified

Meat Footprint Calculator

Estimate the carbon footprint of meat servings from serving mass and an entered kg CO₂e-per-kg lifecycle factor.

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Plastic Footprint Calculator

Convert an entered item frequency and measured mass into an annual mass scenario.

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Solar Panel Carbon Offset Calculator

Estimate solar panel carbon offset from rated system size, sun hours, regional grid intensity, and the calculator's preserved performance and manufacturing assumptions.

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Zero Waste Christmas Tree Calculator

Compare Christmas tree carbon impacts for natural, artificial, and reused-material options using the calculator's exact size, transport, disposal, and reuse assumptions.

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Verified

Frequently asked questions

How is the CO2 volume calculated?
CO2 volume is breaths per minute times liters per breath times the CO2 fraction times minutes. At 12 breaths per minute, 0.5 liters per breath, 4% CO2, and 60 minutes, the volume is 14.40 liters.
How is the mass calculated?
Mass is the gas volume multiplied by the entered gas density. At a density of 1.842 g per liter, the 14.40 liter example becomes 26.52 g of CO2.
Is this a personal carbon-footprint estimate?
No. It is gas volume and density arithmetic under the physiology and temperature or pressure basis you enter. The breathing values and the density basis are user assumptions, and the result is not a personal footprint or a medical estimate.

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CO2 Breathing Emission vs Flight EmissionsCompare the CO2 breathing emission and flight emissions calculators: exhaled CO2 volume and mass from ventilation assumptions versus flight CO2 from passenger distance, emission factors, and an optional radiative-forcing multiplier.CO2 Breathing Emission vs Meat FootprintCompare converting a breathing scenario into CO2 gas volume and mass with estimating the carbon footprint of meat servings from a lifecycle factor, and why the two CO2 numbers answer different questions.CO2 Breathing Emission vs Tree BenefitsCompare the CO2 breathing emission and tree benefits calculators: exhaled CO2 volume and mass from a breathing scenario versus annual tree benefits scaled from entered per-tree model outputs.Compost vs Composting Impact CalculatorCompare the two compost calculators: one sizes a finished-compost order for a garden with area, depth, and bag math; the other estimates the emissions avoided by composting food waste from mass and entered factors.Composting Impact vs E-waste Impact CalculatorCompare the two waste-scenario worksheets: food-waste mass times entered avoided-emissions and compost-yield factors versus device count times entered lifecycle and recyclable-mass factors.Composting Impact vs Plastic FootprintCompare composting impact and plastic footprint calculators: one estimates what diverting organic waste saves, the other annualizes your plastic waste mass — two household waste-scenario worksheets.Flight Emissions vs Meat FootprintCompare the two lifestyle emissions scenario calculators: passenger flight CO₂ from distance, cabin class, and an entered factor with an optional radiative-forcing multiplier, versus meat serving emissions from servings, serving mass, and an entered lifecycle factor.Flight Emissions vs Tree BenefitsCompare the two sides of the offset question: what a flight scenario produces in CO₂ and CO₂e, and what a set of trees provides per year — and how to combine them yourself.Food Miles vs Flight Emissions CalculatorCompare the two transport-emissions scenario calculators: freight tonne-kilometres from shipment mass, distance, and a factor versus passenger flight CO₂ from distance, cabin class, and an optional radiative-forcing multiplier.Food Miles vs Plastic FootprintChoose between transport-only emissions from shipping food and an annualized mass scenario for the plastic in everyday items.Home Energy Efficiency vs Solar Carbon OffsetCompare the two household-electricity planning calculators: demand-side electricity intensity and scenario differences versus supply-side solar generation, avoided grid emissions, and carbon payback.Meat Footprint vs Food MilesCompare the two food-climate estimates: lifecycle emissions of the meat itself (servings × kg CO₂e/kg factor) versus transport-only emissions of shipping food (tonne-kilometres × kg CO₂e/t-km factor).Meat Footprint vs Plastic Footprint CalculatorCompare the two household footprint worksheets: a carbon-emissions scenario for meat servings versus an annual plastic-mass baseline, and which one fits your question.Meat Footprint vs Tree Benefits CalculatorCompare the meat footprint and tree benefits calculators: one estimates diet emissions from entered lifecycle factors, the other scales per-tree model outputs — and why neither infers an offset for the other.Plastic Footprint vs E-waste ImpactCompare two household waste-scenario worksheets: annualized plastic mass from item frequency and measured item weight versus e-waste scenario totals from device counts and entered per-device factors.Solar Panel Carbon Offset vs Tree BenefitsCompare estimating avoided grid emissions from a rooftop solar array with scaling location-calibrated per-tree model outputs for urban tree benefits, and where each kind of estimate applies.Solar Panel Energy Scenario vs Carbon OffsetCompare solar panel energy scenarios with solar panel carbon offsets: one estimates annual production from sourced specific yield, the other estimates avoided grid emissions from system size and regional grid intensity.Zero Waste Christmas Tree vs Tree BenefitsCompare modeling a Christmas tree's footprint — natural, artificial, or reused materials — with scaling location-calibrated per-tree model outputs for the trees you already have.

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